The iodine test for starch is still used to detect counterfeit banknotes printed on starch-containing paper. [113] Parenteral use of iodine-based contrast agents (see above) can cause reactions ranging from a mild rash to fatal anaphylaxis. Such reactions have led to the misconception (widely held, even among physicians) that some people are allergic to iodine itself; even allergies to iodine-rich seafood have been so construed. [104] Iodine deficiency is the leading cause of preventable intellectual disability, a result that occurs primarily when babies or small children are rendered hypothyroidic by a lack of the element. Electron arrangements and properties of elements. [90] The toxicity derives from its oxidizing properties, through which it denaturates proteins (including enzymes). Electronic Transitions in Iodine Molecular iodine is purple in color because it absorbs light in the visible (yellow) region of the electromagnetic spectrum. Elemental iodine may also be used to treat iodine deficiency. The Japanese Minami Kanto gas field east of Tokyo and the American Anadarko Basin gas field in northwest Oklahoma are the two largest such sources. The efficiency is high and energy dispersive spectroscopy is possible, but the resolution is rather poor. [99] In Japan, consumption was considered much higher, ranging between 5,280 μg/day to 13,800 μg/day from dietary seaweed or kombu kelp,[90] often in the form of Kombu Umami extracts for soup stock and potato chips. The brine is first purified and acidified using sulfuric acid, then the iodide present is oxidised to iodine with chlorine. Share with your friends. Air is blown into the solution to evaporate the iodine, which is passed into an absorbing tower, where sulfur dioxide reduces the iodine. Harper, P.V. The iodine may then be liberated by displacement with chlorine. It is associated with nuclear energy, medical diagnostic and treatment procedures, and natural gas production. Information processing, fine motor skills, and visual problem solving are improved by iodine repletion in moderately iodine-deficient children. [92] The general US population has adequate iodine nutrition,[98][99] with women of childbearing age and pregnant women having a possible mild risk of deficiency. Explain how the periodicity of chemical properties led to the arrangements of elements on the periodic table. Anomalous thermoelectric power behaviors of iodine intercalated (Bi, Pb){sub 2}Sr{sub 2}Ca{sub n-1}Cu{sub n}O{sub 2n+4+{delta}} superconductors (n = 2 and 3) Full Record Other Related Research The electron arrangements of atoms. Uploaded By rsr111; Pages 8 Ratings 100% (2) 2 out of 2 people found this document helpful; This preview shows page 2 - 4 out of 8 pages. This unsaturation is in the form of double bonds, which react with iodine compounds. It also has an antiviral action, but nonlipid viruses and parvoviruses are less sensitive than lipid enveloped viruses. 2.The principle quantum number can have any positive integer value. What is the electron configuration for a nitride ion? You might hear that, "Ions form because they want to have a filled p-sublevel". [100] The adult UL in Japan was last revised to 3,000 µg/day in 2015. Iodine is a chemical element.Its atomic number (which is the number of protons in it) is 53, and its atomic mass (the number of protons plus neutrons) is 127.It is part of the Group 7 on the periodic table of elements and its electronic configuration is 2,8,8,18,17.It is a nonmetal [92] This upper limit was assessed by analyzing the effect of supplementation on thyroid-stimulating hormone. Patients with various food allergies (shellfish, egg, milk, etc.) Electron Affinities and Electron Configurations for the First 10 Elements in the Periodic Table. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has set the legal limit (Permissible exposure limit) for iodine exposure in the workplace at 0.1 ppm (1 mg/m3) during an 8-hour workday. The addition of iodine to table salt has largely eliminated this problem in wealthier nations, but iodine deficiency remains a serious public health problem in the developing world today. ; Siemens, W.D. Simply use this information to obtain its electronic configuration. In total, they can contain at least 0.02% and at most 1% iodine by mass. "3-" means adding 3 more electrons to its number of electrons in ground state. ; Harrison, R.W. [85], Inorganic iodides find specialised uses. The iodine clock reaction (in which iodine also serves as a test for starch, forming a dark blue complex),[17] is a popular educational demonstration experiment and example of a seemingly oscillating reaction (it is only the concentration of an intermediate product that oscillates). [81][82], Iodine-131 (usually as iodide) is a component of nuclear fallout, and is particularly dangerous owing to the thyroid gland's propensity to concentrate ingested iodine and retain it for periods longer than this isotope's radiological half-life of eight days. "n-" on the other hand means adding n number of electrons. Electron configurations depend on the atomic number (total number of electrons in ground state) and oxidation state of an element. Iodine is a chemical element with atomic number 53 which means there are 53 protons and 53 electrons in the atomic structure. [90], The thyroid gland needs no more than 70 μg/day to synthesise the requisite daily amounts of T4 and T3. How do electron configurations affect properties and trends of a compound? Excess iodine can be more cytotoxic in the presence of selenium deficiency. [112], Some people develop a hypersensitivity to products and foods containing iodine. It could either take on six or donate. #I : [Kr] 5p^5 # and #N^(3-) : 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6#. The lethal dose for an adult human is 30 mg/kg, which is about 2.1–2.4 grams for a human weighing 70 to 80 kg (even if experiments on rats demonstrated that these animals could survive after eating a 14000 mg/kg dose). (The typical daily dose of iodine for normal health is of order 100 micrograms; see "Dietary Intake" below.) Periodic Classification of Elements. of elements and the structure of the periodic table. [72], About half of all produced iodine goes into various organoiodine compounds, another 15% remains as the pure element, another 15% is used to form potassium iodide, and another 15% for other inorganic iodine compounds. [74][75], Potassium tetraiodomercurate(II), K2HgI4, is also known as Nessler's reagent. Therefore the F electron configuration will be 1s 2 2s 2 2p 5. 2 the electron configuration for an atom of phosphorus is 1 s 2 2 s 2 2 p 6 3 s. 2 the electron configuration for an atom of. [17] Among the major uses of iodine compounds are catalysts, animal feed supplements, stabilisers, dyes, colourants and pigments, pharmaceutical, sanitation (from tincture of iodine), and photography; minor uses include smog inhibition, cloud seeding, and various uses in analytical chemistry. Elemental iodine is used as a disinfectant either as the element, or as the water-soluble triiodide anion I3− generated in situ by adding iodide to poorly water-soluble elemental iodine (the reverse chemical reaction makes some free elemental iodine available for antisepsis). For example, #N^(3-)#. [68] These are the minerals that occur as trace impurities in the caliche, found in Chile, whose main product is sodium nitrate. Similarly, Cu2HgI4 is used as a precipitating reagent to test for alkaloids. Hydrolysis of the resulting acetyl iodide regenerates hydroiodic acid and gives acetic acid. What are some examples of electron configurations? Hi there! Lyday, Phyllis A.; Tatsuo Kaiho"Iodine and Iodine Compounds" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 2015, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, Mornex, 1987 and Le Guen et al., 2000, cited by, CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (, Overview of Dietary Reference Intakes for Japanese (2015) Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare, Japan| url =. 8CaCrO4. Perfluoroalkyl iodides are precursors to important surfactants, such as perfluorooctanesulfonic acid.[85]. [101], After iodine fortification programs such as iodisation of salt have been implemented, some cases of iodine-induced hyperthyroidism have been observed (so-called Jod-Basedow phenomenon). Iodine Electronic configuration. [79] Its specific mode of action is unknown. For this reason, people at risk of exposure to environmental radioactive iodine (iodine-131) in fallout may be instructed to take non-radioactive potassium iodide tablets. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has set a Recommended exposure limit (REL) of 0.1 ppm (1 mg/m3) during an 8-hour workday. This video tutorial will help you determine the electronic configuration ofthe Iodine anion. NIST / TRC Web Thermo Tables, professional edition (thermophysical and thermochemical data) The first example occurs in the case of the lanthanoids (elements having atomic numbers between 57 and 71).The lanthanoids have the general electron configuration [Kr]4d 10 4f i 5s 2 5p 6 5d 0 or 1 6s 2. where i is a number between 0 and 14. Another significant use is a catalyst for the production of acetic acid by the Monsanto and Cativa processes. [85], The organoiodine compound erythrosine is an important food coloring agent. Iodine, now with eight valence electrons, is going to have an electron configuration similar to that of Zen on for the next one. The brine is hotter than 60 °C from the depth of the source. Antimony Overview Antimony Complete Electron Configuration 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4 s2 3 d10 4 p6 5 s2 4 d10 5 p3 Abbreviated Electron Configuration selenium electron configuration long form About; FAQ; Map; Contacts Periodic Table of the Elements Electron configuration of Strontium. Aqueous alkaline iodine solution is used in the iodoform test for methyl ketones. Cesium, complete electron configuration. [105] Iodine deficiency is also a problem in certain areas of Europe. Iodine-131 (131 I, I-131) is an important radioisotope of iodine discovered by Glenn Seaborg and John Livingood in 1938 at the University of California, Berkeley. Bohrium: Value is a guess based on periodic table trend. UCSF Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, single photon emission computed tomography, elements which occur in significant quantities, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)", Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, "Découverte d'une substance nouvelle dans le Vareck", "Bernard Courtois (1777–1838) famed for discovering iodine (1811), and his life in Paris from 1798", "Sur un nouvel acide formé avec la substance décourverte par M. Courtois", "Sur la combination de l'iode avec d'oxigène", Liddell–Scott–Jones Greek–English Lexicon, "Sur la nouvelle substance découverte par M. Courtois, dans le sel de Vareck", "Some Experiments and Observations on a New Substance Which Becomes a Violet Coloured Gas by Heat", https://e-reports-ext.llnl.gov/pdf/234761.pdf, Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment, "Medical isotopes the likely cause of radiation in Ottawa waste", "Isotopic Tracers for Obtaining Hydrologic Parameters", "Investigating leaks in Dams & Reservoirs", "Beiträge zur Kenntniss der flüchtigen organischen Basen", "Ueber eine neue Klasse organischer Radicale", "Sur quelques nouvelles combinaisons organométaliques du magnésium et leur application à des synthèses d'alcools et d'hydrocabures", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, "Bond dissociation energies of organic molecules", "Dess–Martin periodinane: 1,1,1-Triacetoxy-1,1-dihydro-1,2-benziodoxol-3(1, "On the Economic Applications of Seaweed", "Chemical and isotopic compositions of brines from dissolved-in-water type natural gas fields in Chiba, Japan", "Precise measurements of hyperfine components in the spectrum of molecular iodine", "Disinfection, sterilization and operation theater guidelines for dermatosurgical practitioners in India", "Antiseptics and disinfectants: activity, action, and resistance", https://web.archive.org/web/20090617073253/http://www.eanm.org/scientific_info/guidelines/gl_radio_ther_benzyl.pdf, "Chapter 4: Physical Determinants of Contrast", "Arguments et retour d'expérience sur la distribution d'iode stable autour des centrales nucléaires françaises", "Spatial Distribution of an Uranium-Respiring Betaproteobacterium at the Rifle, CO Field Research Site", "Iodine: deficiency and therapeutic considerations", "Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs): Recommended Intakes for Individuals, Vitamins", "Iodine status of the U.S. population, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2005–2006 and 2007–2008", "History of U.S. iodine fortification and supplementation", "Assessment of Japanese iodine intake based on seaweed consumption in Japan: A literature-based analysis", http://www.mhlw.go.jp/file/06-Seisakujouhou-10900000-Kenkoukyoku/Overview.pdf, "Micronutrient deficiency: iodine deficiency disorders", "Iodine supplementation improves cognition in iodine-deficient schoolchildren in Albania: a randomized, controlled, double-blind study", "Lecture 29: Protein Structure and Denaturation", "CDC - NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Iodine", Iodine Allergy and Contrast Administration, "PART 1310 - Section 1310.02 Substances covered", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Iodine&oldid=1004670187, Biology and pharmacology of chemical elements, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia pending changes protected pages, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, lustrous metallic gray solid, black/violet liquid, violet gas, This page was last edited on 3 February 2021, at 20:00. In humans, the ratio of T4 to T3 released into the blood is between 14:1 and 20:1. [4] The higher recommended daily allowance levels of iodine seem necessary for optimal function of a number of body systems, including lactation, gastric mucosa, salivary glands, brain cells, choroid plexus, thymus, and arterial walls. Nitrogen has 7 electrons in the ground state with electron configuration of #N : 1s^2 2s^2 2p^3#. What is the ground state electron configuration of the element germanium? As an element with high electron density and atomic number, iodine absorbs X-rays weaker than 33.3 keV due to the photoelectric effect of the innermost electrons. Simply use this information to obtain its electronic configuration. What is the electron configuration for a sodium ion? [102], In areas where there is little iodine in the diet,[103] typically remote inland areas and semi-arid equatorial climates where no marine foods are eaten, iodine deficiency gives rise to hypothyroidism, symptoms of which are extreme fatigue, goitre, mental slowing, depression, weight gain, and low basal body temperatures. What is the electron configuration of copper? Adding 3 more electrons would give us a total of 10 electrons. In these technologies, which support the world's demand for acetic acid, hydroiodic acid converts the methanol feedstock into methyl iodide, which undergoes carbonylation. For elements not in ground state, oxidation states should be taken into consideration. Electron configurations depend on the atomic number (total number of electrons in ground state) and oxidation state of an element. See all questions in Electron Configuration. around the world. The valence electronic configuration of chlorine is 3s23p3. Fifteen to 20 mg of iodine is concentrated in thyroid tissue and hormones, but 70% of all iodine in the body is found in other tissues, including mammary glands, eyes, gastric mucosa, fetal thymus, cerebro-spinal fluid and choroid plexus, arterial walls, the cervix, and salivary glands. Our iodine page has over 220 facts that span 92 different quantities. Iodine is a bluish-black, lustrous solid. electronic configuration of iodine - Science - Periodic Classification of Elements. 17. For electronic configurations, where it matters, the values given for octahedral species are low spin unless stated to be high spin. So a question asked me 'What is the total number of electrons in p orbitals in Iodine?' [84] Organoiodine compounds are used with intravenous injection as X-ray radiocontrast agents. Iodine. [114] In fact, there has never been a confirmed report of a true iodine allergy, and an allergy to elemental iodine or simple iodide salts is theoretically impossible. OSTI.GOV Conference: Effects of iodine intercalation into Bi-based copper oxide superconductors Title: Effects of iodine intercalation into Bi-based copper oxide superconductors Full Record All three isoforms of the deiodinases are selenium-containing enzymes; thus dietary selenium is essential for T3 production. An iodine solution is produced, but is dilute and must be concentrated. ; Brizel, H.E. #I : 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^10 4p^6 5s^2 4d^10 5p^5# or simply #I : [Kr] 5p^5 #. true Fe2+ has the same electronic configuration as Co3+. Strontium has to valence electrons. Class-10 » Science. [95][96] Iodised salt is fortified with iodine in the form of sodium iodide. In general, an electron with a m s =+1/2 is called an alpha electron, and one with a m s =-1/2 is called a beta electron. The electron configuration of $\mathrm{B}$ is $1 \mathrm{s}^{2} 2 \mathrm{s}^{2} 2 p^{1}$. Then simply use this to obtain its electronic configuration. The inert gas core for iodine is [Kr], the electron configuration is [Kr] 4d10, 5s2 5p5. [90], Recommendations by the United States Institute of Medicine are between 110 and 130 µg for infants up to 12 months, 90 µg for children up to eight years, 130 µg for children up to 13 years, 150 µg for adults, 220 µg for pregnant women and 290 µg for lactation. The terms low spin and high spin refer to the electronic configurations of particular geomtries of certain d-block metal ions. Electronic Configurations of Atoms and Mononuclear Ions Atomic Orbital Quantum Numbers Which of the following statements about electronic configurations of atoms and mononuclear ions, and atomic orbital quantum numbers, are true or false. Areas covered include atomic structure, physical properties, atomic interaction, thermodynamics, identification, atomic size, crystal structure, history, abundances, and nomenclature. [73], The iodine value is the mass of iodine in grams that is consumed by 100 grams of a chemical substance typically fats or oils. The electronic configuration of the elements A and B are 1s 2, 2s 2, 2p 6, 3s 2 and 1s 2, 2s 2, 2p 5 respectively. [111], People can be exposed to iodine in the workplace by inhalation, ingestion, skin contact, and eye contact. Since 1s can only hold two electrons the next 2 electrons for F go in the 2s orbital. Ground state Iodine has an atomic number of 53. Silver iodide is a major ingredient to traditional photographic film. [116][115] As with all medications, the patient's allergy history should be questioned and consulted before any containing iodine are administered. In this video we will write the electron configuration for K+, the Potassium ion. Oxidation state with "n+" means removing n number of electrons from the total number of electrons of the ground state element. [17], The caliche was the main source of iodine in the 19th century and continues to be important today, replacing kelp (which is no longer an economically viable source),[70] but in the late 20th century brines emerged as a comparable source. This absorption of light causes an electronic transition, i.e. [77], In the alternative, iodine may be produced from iodophors, which contain iodine complexed with a solubilizing agent (the iodide ion may be thought of loosely as the iodophor in triiodide water solutions). © 2009-2016 | www.prvky.com | kontaktkontakt [69][71], These sources ensure that Chile and Japan are the largest producers of iodine today. What is the texture of iodine? Share 0. You may still see [Kr] 5s2, 4d10, 5p5, and it would still be acceptable, due to prevalence of the oversimplification of the Aufbau principle. The value of 1/2 is the spin quantum number, s, which describes the electron's spin. It is often used as a sensitive spot test for ammonia. electron-configuration-and-the-periodic-table - View presentation slides online. For other uses, see, Desormes and Clément made their announcement at the Institut impérial de France on 29 November 1813; a summary of their announcement appeared in the. Iodine probably attacks surface proteins of enveloped viruses, and it may also destabilise membrane fatty acids by reacting with unsaturated carbon bonds. How do the electron configurations of transition metals differ from those of other elements? electron configuration of iodine? Electronic configuration: 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 3d 10 4s 2 4p 6 4d 10 5s 2 5p 5 >> Back to key information about the elementBack to key information about the element The electron configuration can be visualized as the core electrons, equivalent to the noble gas of the preceding period, and the valence electrons (e.g. Iodine and starch form a blue complex, and this reaction is often used to test for either starch or iodine and as an indicator in iodometry. alse The valence electronic configuration of bromine is 4s24p5. In the cells of those tissues, iodide enters directly by sodium-iodide symporter (NIS). By measuring with a spectroscopic Doppler-free technique while focusing on one of these lines, the hyperfine structure of the iodine molecule reveals itself. [96][97], As of 2000, the median intake of iodine from food in the United States was 240 to 300 μg/day for men and 190 to 210 μg/day for women. These are further processed by decarboxylation and deiodination to produce iodothyronamine (T1a) and thyronamine (T0a'). In the pilot episode of Breaking Bad, a container of iodine is visible when Walter White first synthesizes methamphetamine through the Nagai route, by using red phosphorus and iodine to reduce pseudoephedrine. Ground state Iodine has an atomic number of 53. [69] Sodium iodate is extracted from the caliche and reduced to iodide by sodium bisulfite. Due to the spinning of the electron, it generates a magnetic field. Iodine has an electron configuration of [Kr]4d 10 5s 2 5p 5, with the seven electrons in the fifth and outermost shell being its valence electrons. Direct contact with skin can cause damage, and solid iodine crystals should be handled with care. [106], Elemental iodine (I2) is toxic if taken orally undiluted. Therefore, #N^(3-) : 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6#, 6320 views [89], Iodine accounts for 65% of the molecular weight of T4 and 59% of T3. Question 3. true The secondary (angular … In writing the electron configuration for fluorine the first two electrons will go in the 1s orbital. Further information is available in inorganic chemistry textbooks, usually at Level 1 or First Year University level. Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, E. "Inorganic Chemistry" Academic Press: San Diego, 2001. Which of the following statements about electronic configurations of atoms and mononuclear ions, and atomic orbital quantum numbers, are true or false 1.La3+ has the same electronic configuration as Iodine. NCERT Solutions; Board Paper Solutions; Ask & Answer; School Talk ; Login; GET APP; Login Create Account. help explain the properties. [117], Phosphorus can reduce elemental iodine to hydroiodic acid, which is a reagent effective for reducing ephedrine or pseudoephedrine to methamphetamine. Titanium, zirconium, hafnium, and thorium are purified by the van Arkel process, which involves the reversible formation of the tetraiodides of these elements. This solution is then reacted with freshly extracted iodate, resulting in comproportionation to iodine, which may be filtered off. Oxidation States Oxidation states are typically represented by integers which may be positive, zero, or negative. School Rutgers University; Course Title ENG MECH 407; Type. Examples of such preparations include:[78], The antimicrobial action of iodine is quick and works at low concentrations, and thus it is used in operating theatres. What is the electron configuration of chromium? Iodine numbers are often used to determine the amount of unsaturation in fatty acids. The third major category of elements arises when the distinguishing electron occupies an f subshell. Finally, the octet rule is far over-rated. The condition seems to occur mainly in people over forty, and the risk appears higher when iodine deficiency is severe and the initial rise in iodine intake is high. The chemical symbol for Iodine is I. Iodine is the heaviest of the stable halogens, it exists as a lustrous, purple-black metallic solid at standard conditions that sublimes readily to form a violet gas. It's too, if it donates it to, then it will have a noble gas electron configuration, similar to a noble gas in the periodic table, previous to it in atomic number. [68] Alternatively, the brine may be treated with silver nitrate to precipitate out iodine as silver iodide, which is then decomposed by reaction with iron to form metallic silver and a solution of iron(II) iodide. do not have an increased risk for a contrast medium hypersensitivity. [62], The spectra of the iodine molecule, I2, consists of (not exclusively) tens of thousands of sharp spectral lines in the wavelength range 500–700 nm. We present the electronic structure, lattice relaxation, and formation energies of iodine vacancy defects in SrI 2 for the one‐electron, two‐electron, and ionized charge states. #I : 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^10 4p^6 5s^2 4d^10 5p^5# or simply #I : [Kr] 5p^5 #. The typical adult dose is one 130 mg tablet per 24 hours, supplying 100 mg (100,000 micrograms) of ionic iodine. Homework Help. electronic configuration of iodine. A deficiency of iodine leads to decreased production of T3 and T4 and a concomitant enlargement of the thyroid tissue in an attempt to obtain more iodine, causing the disease known as simple goitre. A line is now resolved such that either 15 components, (from even rotational quantum numbers, Jeven), or 21 components (from odd rotational quantum numbers, Jodd) are measurable.[76]. [118] For this reason, iodine was designated by the United States Drug Enforcement Administration as a List I precursor chemical under 21 CFR 1310.02.[119]. Each entry has a full citation identifying its source. [80], In medicine, a saturated solution of potassium iodide is used to treat acute thyrotoxicosis. At levels of 2 ppm, iodine is immediately dangerous to life and health. Ingestion of this large dose of non-radioactive iodine minimises the uptake of radioactive iodine by the thyroid gland.[83]. 3. Thousands of kilograms of silver iodide are used annually for cloud seeding to induce rain. Describe the electron configurations for atoms of any element using orbital notation, electron-configuration notation, and noble-gas notation. [Xe] 6s2 for barium). In biology, linoleic acid (C18:2 n-6), omega-6 and alpha-linolenic (C18:3 n-3) omega-3, arachidonic acid (AA) – omega-6 (C20: 4n-6), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) – omega-3 (C22:6n-3) synthesized with iodine iodolipids developed among cell membranes during the evolution of life, important in the mechanism of apoptosis, carcinogenesis and degenerative diseases. Applications of tincture of iodine or Betadine can cause rashes, sometimes severe. The remaining five electrons will go in the 2p orbital. It penetrates into microorganisms and attacks particular amino acids (such as cysteine and methionine), nucleotides, and fatty acids, ultimately resulting in cell death. (Lanthanum and the other lanthanides, as well as tungsten with Z = 74, are used by a few microorganisms. Cesium iodide and thallium-doped sodium iodide are used in crystal scintillators for the detection of gamma rays. [17], The iodide and iodate anions are often used for quantitative volumetric analysis, for example in iodometry. The production of ethylenediamine dihydroiodide, provided as a nutritional supplement for livestock, consumes a large portion of available iodine. [4][93][94][75], Natural sources of dietary iodine include seafood, such as fish, seaweeds (such as kelp) and shellfish, dairy products and eggs so long as the animals received enough iodine, and plants grown on iodine-rich soil. Full electron configuration of iodine: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p5. I was taught that the outermost shell of an element can't hold more than 8 electrons unless the following shell has at least 2 electrons, however I got really confused when calculating Iodine's configuration and found out to be 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p6, 4s2, 4p6, 4p10, 5s2, 5p5. T4 is converted to the active T3 (three to four times more potent than T4) within cells by deiodinases (5'-iodinase). The action of iodine in mammary tissue is related to fetal and neonatal development, but in the other tissues, it is (at least) partially unknown. Compare Mendeleev's periodic table to the modern periodic table. Iodine is an essential element for life and, at atomic number Z = 53, is the heaviest element commonly needed by living organisms. The formula of the ionic compound that can be formed between these elements is (a) AB (b) AB 2 (c) A 2 B (d) none of the above Answer: (b) AB 2. [110], Elemental iodine is also a skin irritant. The hydrogen iodide (HI) is reacted with chlorine to precipitate the iodine. [4][91] The Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) for adults is 1,100 μg/day. )[87][88] It is required for the synthesis of the growth-regulating thyroid hormones thyroxine and triiodothyronine (T4 and T3 respectively, named after their number of iodine atoms).
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