We assessed the differences within subjects by measuring the mean net incremental area under the curve (netAUC) (12,13) of glucose at 60 and 180 min after the administration of the shake, and overnight glucose profile. Wolffia globosa Mankai duckweed may serve as an emerging alternative plant protein source with potential beneficial postprandial glycemic effects. This 2-week crossover substudy was performed in the initial phase of the DIRECT-PLUS study (Supplementary Fig. Their daily menu also included 100 grams of frozen Wolffia globosa (cultivated Mankai strain) cubes, a high protein form of the aquatic plant duckweed. Thus, the glucose levels declining to the nadir indicate glucose uptake by peripheral tissues, specifically, muscle. Indeed, if you search for duckweed online, you are more likely to come across articles about how to get rid of the stuff than articles about how to cook it. Despite … The difference within subjects was analyzed by Wilcoxon test. You can buy it as a powder supplement or in frozen form. Overall, postprandial glucose levels from the shake administration until the next morning were lower in the Wolffia globosa Mankai green shake compared with the yogurt shake (P < 0.001). The cubes were taken as a green plant-based protein shake as a partial substitute for animal protein. The mean glucose distribution of each individual response among 20 participants in the crossover trial. Indeed, we found that the individual pattern is more pronounced than the intervention itself. Nutritionally, Mankai is characterized by high protein content (>45% of the dry matter), the presence of 9 essential and 6 conditional amino acids ( 13 ), and a demonstrated protein digestibility-corrected amino acid score ( 12 ) of 89%. The Plants Database includes the following 5 species of Wolffia . We randomized 23 participants in a crossover design to first consume either a Wolffia globosa (Mankai) shake (n = 12) or a yogurt shake (n = 11). Overnight sleep duration was similar (378.2 ± 22.4 vs. 375.9 ± 28.4 min; P = 0.72), and satiety rank was slightly higher for the Wolffia globosa shake compared with the yogurt shake (7.5 vs. 6.5; P = 0.035). The netAUC after 60 min (yogurt 441.4 ± 336.5 mg/dL/min; Mankai 185.1 ± 340.1 mg/dL/min; P = 0.005); the netAUC after 180 min (yogurt 1,576.6 ± 1,810.1 mg/dL/min; Mankai 707.9 ± 1,428.5 mg/dL/min; P = 0.037). A flash glucose-monitoring system device (Freestyle Libre; Abbott Diabetes Care, Witney, Oxon, U.K.) was used (Supplementary Data). We further analyzed the postprandial glucose and insulin blood levels in the bioavailability test (9) (Supplementary Fig. 5 and Supplementary Table 5). H.Z., A.K., J.T., M.S., N.K., M.v.B., U.C., and M.B. The participants were guided to further consume the following provided items: 3–4 cups/day of green tea and 100 g/day of frozen Wolffia globosa (Mankai strain 23 24) plant frozen cubes, as a green shake replacing dinner. This is a crossover trial as part of the 18-month DIRECT-PLUS trial. The individual continuous blood glucose levels are presented in Fig. no. Overall, NAFLD's prevalence fell to: 54,8 % (HDG), 47,9 % (MED) and 31,5 % (green-MED), p = 0,012 among groups. A Green-Mediterranean Diet, Supplemented with Mankai Duckweed, Preserves Iron-Homeostasis in Humans and Is Efficient in Reversal of Anemia in Rats. Their daily menu also included 100 grams of frozen Wolffia globosa (cultivated Mankai strain) cubes, a high protein form of the aquatic plant duckweed. The following TABLE 1 illustrates the biomass doubling time of the new variety: TABLE 1: BIOMASS: DOUBLING: SIZE: COLOR: TIME (Days) NOTES: 0.5 mm: Green : 3-3.5: Green, 1 day … The two shakes were iso-caloric (366 kcal in the Wolffia globosa Mankai shake; 351 kcal in the yogurt shake) and equivalent in terms of macronutrient content (carbohydrates: 35 g in both the Wolffia globosa and yogurt shakes; protein: 12 g in the Wolffia globosa shake; 11 g in the yogurt shake; fat: 20 g in the Wolffia globosa shake; 19 g in the yogurt shake). This is a randomized controlled crossover trial among 20 abdominally obese participants (age 51.4 years; fasting plasma glucose 110.9 mg/dL), who were allocated to replace dinner with either, first, a green shake containing Wolffia globosa duckweed (Mankai: specific-strain) or an iso-carbohydrate/protein/calorie yogurt shake. The … I.Sha. Wolffia globosa consumption was associated with lower next-morning fasting glucose concentration (83.2 ± 0.8 vs. 86.6 ± 13 mg/dL; P = 0.041). b shows a significant difference in the mean netAUC (0–60 and 0–180 min). In Asian cuisines, Wolffia globosa is considered a natural food source or “vegetable meat ball” (). Each shake will provide equivalent carbohydrate, calories and protein levels from the respective source. All participants provided written informed consent and received no financial compensation or gifts.  |  Epub 2018 Dec 11. Scoop 1-3 servings into cold … Results body mass2 Lemna gibba. Power calculations were performed using WinPepi software, version 11.6. Epub 2020 Aug 26. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. 2019 Aug;32:1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2019.05.008. Clinical trial reg. A Wolffia globosa plant identified as variety ‘Mankai’, wherein a representative sample of the plant is deposited as ... As an addition to different kinds of food products in fresh, frozen, or dried form. Our findings suggest that the beneficial glucose excursion in response to the Wolffia globosa Mankai green shake may represent a combined effect of a lower glycemic index and a better insulin response. Differences within subjects were analyzed by Wilcoxon test. Both shakes included 28 g walnuts and one medium-sized banana. Moreover, in our study, we found that the Wolffia globosa shake was more satiating compared with the yogurt shake, an effect potentially attributable to the difference in fiber content. It also included 3-4 cups/day of green tea and 100 g frozen cubes of Wolffia globosa (cultivated Mankai strain), a high protein form of the aquatic plant duckweed, taken as a … W. globosa are tiny, single leaved plants that span a millimeter in diameter. Wolffia globosa collected during the period 2010-2013 from a little pond near the town of Hisar – Plovdiv district (42°29.010'N, 024°43.432'E), Bulgaria. I.She., A.T., and L.Q. It also included 3-4 cups/day of green tea and 100 g frozen cubes of Wolffia globosa (cultivated Mankai strain), a high protein form of the aquatic plant duckweed, taken as a … Possibly, these results may relate to recent evidence suggesting that plasma branched-chain amino acids, which are common in dairy products, are associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (28). Of the 23 initial participants, 3 dropped out for technical reasons. 19 Jan 2021 --- A “green” Mediterranean diet that incorporates extra plant-based proteins and polyphenols can reduce the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by half, according to a long-term clinical trial from Ben Gurion University of the Negev. *P < 0.05 differences between groups, **P < 0.01 differences between groups. LIVE, LOVE & LAUGH. In an unusual twist, it also included 100 grams of frozen cubes of Wolffia globosa, a high protein form of the aquatic plant duckweed. It also included 3-4 cups/day of green tea and 100 g frozen cubes of Wolffia globosa (cultivated Mankai strain), a high protein form of the aquatic plant duckweed, taken as a green plant-based protein shake as a partial substitute for animal protein. The cubes were taken as a green plant-based protein shake as a partial substitute for animal protein. The Wolffia globosa Mankai green shake included three frozen cubes of the plant (25 g each), while the yogurt shake included 100 g low-fat yogurt with no added sweetener. Furthermore, polyphenols, which are abundant in the Wolffia globosa, can exert anti-inflammatory effects and may influence glucose metabolism through different mechanisms, including by inhibiting glucose absorption in the gut, decreasing fasting insulin levels (19–21), and reducing insulin resistance (22,23). Before bioreactor inoculation (adding 1 mL of the starter culture (see above)), Mankai lysate was prepared by blending 5 g of frozen Mankai biomass (Wolffia globosa ‘Mankai’) with 400 mL of deionized (DI) water for 5 min and subsequently flushing with nitrogen for 5 min. designed the research, and reviewed and edited the manuscript. Duckweeds are a common macrophyte in paddy and aquatic environments. S. polyrhiza has many functions, one of which is for cosmetics. This included the following parameters: postprandial glucose peak; mean netAUC after 60 and 180 min; postprandial glucose levels after 15, 30, 45, and 150 min; next-morning fasting glucose level; and postprandial repeated glucose levels from the time of administration until the following morning. The glucose excursion following the consumption of Wolffia globosa was apparently favorable compared with that of yogurt. Text messages were sent on a daily basis as a reminder for maintaining study protocol instructions. The mean FPG level was 110.9 ± 16.2 mg/dL, with a mean HbA1c of 5.5 ± 0.7% (36.8 ± 7.3 mmol/mol). This variant also more strictly restricts the use of red meats. The team running the study put the benefits down to the addition of lots of green tea and a supplement of a protein-rich cultivated strain of duckweed called Mankai (Wolffia Globosa). Baseline parameters were similarly distributed between the groups. However, it incorporates increased green plant-based proteins and polyphenols derived from ingredients such as green tea and duckweed (Wolffia globosa). Yaskolka Meir A, Tsaban G, Zelicha H, Rinott E, Kaplan A, Youngster I, Rudich A, Shelef I, Tirosh A, Brikner D, Pupkin E, Sarusi B, Blüher M, Stümvoll M, Thiery J, Ceglarek U, Stampfer MJ, Shai I. J Nutr. The participants were instructed to avoid strenuous PA 5 h prior to the shake consumption, without further instructions for a specific sequence or timing of exercise. Acknowledgments. The two shakes, Wolffia globosa duckweed (Mankai) and yogurt, were consumed by each participant at 7:00 p.m., instead of dinner. Differences within subjects were analyzed by Wilcoxon test. Nominal variables are expressed as numbers and percentages. H.Z. The power calculation for the postprandial glycemic effect is based on a randomized crossover trial that compared the effect of berries as a polyphenol source in comparison with a similar sucrose load among 12 healthy subjects (8). In an unusual twist, it also included 100 grams of frozen cubes of Wolffia globosa, a high protein form of the aquatic plant duckweed. The green part … 2. Recently, we reported that, among humans, the bioavailability of the essential amino acids in Wolffia globosa was similar to the well-established animal (soft cheese) and plant (peas) iso-protein sources (9), highlighting this plant as a high-quality protein source. These results suggest that Wolffia globosa, which is naturally rich in dietary fibers and polyphenols, may constitute an alternative iso-protein/carbohydrate shake with a beneficial glycemic response. Overall, postprandial glucose levels, from the time of administration of the shake replacing dinner until the following morning, were significantly lower after the Wolffia globosa Mankai shake than the yogurt shake (P < 0.001). Wolffia globosa. Adherence to the intervention protocol was assessed using a detailed dietary (including time and portion size), daily activity, satiety scale (rank 1–10) and sleep recall during these 2 weeks. DTW distance of intraindividual response (43.3 ± 2.4) vs. DTW of interindividual responses (48.6 ± 0.5, P = 0.004). Although the primary aim of the long-term DIRECT-PLUS trial was to assess changes in abdominal and hepatic fat, our specific aim here was to specifically assess the acute glycemic effects of a Wolffia globosa–based versus yogurt-based dinner shake, measured by a continuous glucose monitoring system. Graphs were constructed using GraphPad Prism 7. © 2019 by the American Diabetes Association. The ‘green’ Mediterranean diet may be even healthier than the original Mediterranean diet. We excluded 23 observation days in which preadministration glucose levels were measured at >100 mg/dL. Baseline characteristics of all participants and baseline characteristics of participants by sequence of shake administration are shown in Table 1. Overnight sleep duration was similar (378.2 ± 22.4 vs. 375.9 ± 28.4 min; P = 0.72), and satiety rank was slightly higher for the Wolffia globosa shake compared with the yogurt shake (7.5 vs. 6.5; P = 0.035). c shows a significant difference in glucose peaks (13.4 ± 9.2 vs. 19.3 ± 15.1 mg/dL; P = 0.044) and a significant difference in time to peaks (77.5 ± 29.2 vs. 59.2 ± 28.4 min; P = 0.037). After six months, the effect of each of the diets on weight loss and on cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors was … It also included 3-4 cups/day of green tea and 100 g frozen cubes of Wolffia globosa (cultivated Mankai strain), a high protein form of the aquatic plant duckweed, taken as a green plant-based protein shake as a partial substitute for animal protein. Kawamata Y, Shibui Y, Takumi A, Seki T, Shimada T, Hashimoto M, Inoue N, Kobayashi H, Narita T. Toxicol Rep. 2020 Sep 14;7:1233-1241. doi: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2020.09.006. Click below on a thumbnail map or name for species profiles. However, differences in the time to peak glucose level and in the postprandial glucose level after 60 min lost their statistical significance. I live in a part of Thailand where duckweed has long been consumed by humans. Moreover, as a consequence of the sex profile of workers in the workplace setting studied, the majority were men. We used exploratory analysis to determine the differences between time points that were expressed as absolute values unless specified otherwise. It also included 3–4 cups a day of green tea and 100 grams frozen cubes of Wolffia globosa (cultivated Mankai strain)—a high protein form of the aquatic plant duckweed, taken as a … NLM A Wolffia globosa plant identified as variety ‘Mankai’, wherein a representative sample of the plant is deposited as ... As an addition to different kinds of food products in fresh, frozen, or dried form. It also included 3-4 cups/day of green tea and 100 g frozen cubes of Wolffia globosa (cultivated Mankai strain), a high protein form of the aquatic plant duckweed, taken as a green plant-based protein shake as a partial substitute for animal protein. Author Contributions. Previous studies (16–18) demonstrated a beneficial effect of dietary fibers on insulin resistance among patients with type 2 diabetes and subjects with impaired glucose tolerance, and showed that those dietary fibers can lower the risk for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The present invention comprises a new and distinct Wolffia Globosa variety known by the varietal name ‘MANKAI’. This was taken as a … Conclusions: Participants were defined as having type 2 diabetes if their fasting plasma glucose (FPG) concentration was ≥126 mg/dL or HbA1c ≥6.5% (48 mmol/mol). The higher initial rise in glucose levels reflects greater hepatic insulin resistance or deficient pancreatic β-cell function (29). Effects of Diet-Modulated Autologous Fecal Microbiota Transplantation on Weight Regain. Exploring Health-Promoting Attributes of Plant Proteins as a Functional Ingredient for the Food Sector: A Systematic Review of Human Interventional Studies. no. Participants were recruited from the green-Mediterranean diet arm of the 18-month Dietary Intervention Randomized Controlled Trial-Polyphenols Unprocessed (DIRECT-PLUS) study. 1, and the glycemic indices are presented in Supplementary Table 4. Overall, postprandial glucose levels from the shake administration until the next morning were lower in the Wolffia globosa Mankai green shake compared with the yogurt shake (P < 0.001). 2021 Jan;160(1):158-173.e10. Native Introduced Native and Introduced. National Center for Biotechnology Information, Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS (version 22.0) software. Diabetes Care Print ISSN: 0149-5992, Online ISSN: 1935-5548. Easy plant to grow once established, but can be really frustrating in the beginning and you may have no success. advises the nutritional committee of Hinoman Ltd. No other potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article were reported. Sign In to Email Alerts with your Email Address. Their diet included three to four cups a day of green tea, frozen cubes of Wolffia globosa (a flowering plant that tastes like watercress and is packed with … A Wolffia globosa-based shake replacing dinner resulted in lower next-morning fasting glucose levels (83.2 ± 0.8 vs. 86.6 ± 13 mg/dL; P = 0.041). Their daily menu also included 100 grams of frozen Wolffia globosa (cultivated Mankai strain) cubes, a high protein form of the aquatic plant duckweed. The study authors said in a press … H.Z. Cadmium has no function in the human body, and we really want as little as possible cadmium in our foods - especially vegans who (in our polluted world) … Participants with dysglycemic FPG levels at baseline (FPG ≥100; n = 14) also exhibited a significantly lower next-morning fasting glucose concentration in the Wolffia globosa compared with the yogurt shake (84.0 ± 12.2 vs. 88.1 ± 14.5 mg/dL, respectively; P = 0.028). Although we monitored exercise performance 5 h prior to shake administration, data regarding the timing of the exercise with respect to meals was only available regarding this time frame.
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