[13] In contrast, the matai in Sasina have agreed with government support to an unprecedented 120-year lease of prime oceanfront land to an American company to build a tourism resort estimated to cost US$450–500 million. The newly enacted LTC Act 2020 places a restriction on the matai sa’o, or the sole head of an extended Samoan family, to be domiciled in Samoa and be present in the family and village to carry out duties expected of a matai sa’o.S13(c) LTC Act 2020. The matai title is appended to the beginning of their name so that their Christian name follows their new matai title. Photograph of the family of Faumuina, one of the important chiefs of the Faleata district near Apia, Savai'i, Western Samoa. In the hope of escaping from his tyranny, the people of A'ana conferred their title of Tui A'ana upon him, but only to further smart under his oppressive rule. The site was chosen in 1872 by Commander R.W. The burial service followed a Family Service and Funeral Mass at the Fatuoaiga’s Holy Family Cathedral, with many in attendance. File:Mulianga, High Chief, Malietoa Party, Samoa.jpg; File usage on other wikis. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The Chief Justice of Samoa is the chief justice of the Supreme Court of Samoa. The fono of matai is the executive and judicial authority[10] of every village in Samoa. “Children are taught when they are young to respect their oldersiblings. This item is available as a high resolution download. In effect, every Samoan, men and women, is an heir to a matai title pertaining to their kinship and ancestry. The Samoan high chief married the daughter of the Tongan king. Pago Pago, AMERICAN SAMOA — Senators on Tuesday approved a Senate Concurrent Resolution conveying condolences of the Legislature and the people of American to the children and family of the late High Chief, Aumoeualogo Te’o Fuavai, who passed away last month in Seattle, Washington. If a matter is of importance the assembly is held on the malae, the open space in front of the village. Please update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. Tattersall, Alfred James, 1866-1951. Consider this: Logo figures that either he will try to become an agent for the Federal Bureau of Investigation or he will return to his homeland to become the high chief of American Samoa. Matai subject to a senior matai (matai sili) are independent in family matters concerning their own single family unless they have a tuaigoa shared title name only, in which case they are not referred to at all in family matters and may be deprived of their names at the will of their superior at any time. The Chiefs are responsible for their village/family, whenever needed, they must be there to support them. The Governor of German Samoa abolishes the position of recognized High Chief following the death of Alii Sili Mataafa. Often the name Faumuina only is used in histories of Samoa. Photograph of the family of Faumuina, one of the important chiefs of the Faleata district near Apia, Savai'i, Western Samoa. A matai may make their wishes known and bequeath certain property to others such as a married daughter, but they cannot transfer land rights beyond their own. Canned tuna is the dominant export. With many Samoans also living overseas in other countries, other prominent Samoan female matai includes New Zealand former Member of Parliament Luamanuvao Winnie Laban (matai title Luamanuvao). In some places, there is also the Tulafale-alii, a chief of high rank who, owing to their status and antiquity, carry the dual functions of orator-chief. CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (, "Final Population and Housing Census 2011", "Samoa department warns that sale of customary land is illegal", "Ancestral ways, modern voices: The Samoan path to conservation", "Asians ditch identities in hunt for jobs", "Winston Peters picks up illegal matai title in Samoa", Congressional Record: Eni F.H. As matai head their families and represent their villages, communities and districts, important high-ranking title-holders came to play significant roles in colonial politics with the advent of western powers and rivalry in the 19th century. Faaaloalo is something that is learned in early childhood. It was an eleventh century migration of a small nation to a distant home. Our warm, friendly culture and breathtaking scenery makes Samoa the perfect Pacific Island destination for your next holiday or quick break. Much of the land under the government today was alienated or sold during colonialism[16] and later came under the Samoa government when the colonial era ended. It is common for each 'aiga to have a number of matai titles, but one particular title will be the most important and serve as the main matai title. It remained an active naval base from 1900 to 1951 and is now a regular port of call for all types of vessels. Various members of the family are called upon in turn to support their matai in carrying out their role and responsibilities according to Samoan tradition, cultural obligations and duty. Their daughter, Salamasina, is adopted by So`oa`e, the widow of the high chief of Atua district. Some matai are permitted to speak at these fono without having any right to make a decision. It is permissible for the minor matai to discuss the matter with and endeavour to try to influence the matai sili before the fono commences. A matai title is always first in naming convention as the most important name for a titled individual. [14] The male (51.6%) to female (48.4%) ratio for the country is higher than the world ratio. [11] The relatively brief usage of the term "king" died out with the end of colonialism. It is permissible for a taule'ale'a (an untitled man) to change his name as often as he wishes. Add a one-line explanation of what this file represents. [19], Matai titles are sometimes conferred upon non-Samoans as an honour by Samoan families and their villages. … In ancient Samoa only a chief of the highest rank would sleep on a bed in one end of this building. High Chief Mauga Manuma of Pago Pago, Samoa, 1885.jpg 546 × 695; 261 KB Lauaki Namulau'ulu Mamoe (left) and two chiefs aboard German warship taking them to exile in Saipan 1909.jpg 7,528 × 5,920; 6.11 MB It islearned through example but it is mostly taught through practice. Most Samoans live in villages consisting of groups of families with close ties and history. Alexander Turnbull Library, Wellington, New Zealand. Matai titles can be bestowed on one person or numerous family members who are distinguished from each other by their Christian name. ! A Samoan proverb highlighting the importance of land in Samoa reads, E le soifua umi le tagata fa'atau fanua (The man who sells family land will not live to an old age – devils will bring about his early death). It sometimes happens that new names are for some reason taken and the old ones discarded or passed on to lesser or junior chiefs. Salamasina also possesses royal Fijian and Tongan blood from her mother. Other cultural factors can also play a part in the complex decision making process including seniority in age (an important factor in Samoan society), leadership qualities, oratory and an individual's ability to contribute to the family's overall circumstances and well-being. Before the fono commences preliminary councils are held (taupulega) by the different groups and at these councils the single family heads exchange opinions and endeavour to convince each other and to create harmony in order that when the actual fono eventuates everything will move smoothly. In 2011, there were 1,766 female matai, 10.5% of the 16,787 matai living in the country.[6]. A high chief’s house was usually simply furnished. Ta'ii's sighs were overheard by Saveasi'uleo and Nafanua. a Polynesian and especially a Samoan noble or title-holder who speaks and acts for a high chief in official, social, and economic matters… A chance remark or an outstanding incident will often be the determining factor in naming a taule'ale'a. All heads of state of Samoa have been one of the four title holders. In this sense, taule'ale'a signifies young or comparatively young, just as toea'ina is used to signify that a man is aged or elderly (a respectful status in Samoa) whether he be a matai or a taule'ale'a. A woman can hold a matai name and have the pule (authority) of the family but this does not often occur. Central to Samoan culture is the recording of history and genealogy which was achieved through oral history before the introduction of a written language. The Dutch navigator Jacob Roggeveen sighted Samoa in 1722, and other European explorers, beachcombers, and traders followed. The orator is the recorder of family histories and pedigree (fa'alupega), genealogies (gafa) and events and is indispensable at public ceremonies. In the past the term was sometimes used to indicate that any male person, even a matai, was not an old man. Pago Pago, AMERICAN SAMOA — This painting of the late, High Chief Papali’i Taimalelagi Litara Rita Alaimo was on display during her burial service next to her resting place at her home in Ili’iili on Monday. It cannot be used commercially without permission, please ask us for advice. The high chief and father has made an impactful contribution to Samoa and leaves behind a legacy of legends amongst a family that has, and will no doubt continue to put Samoa on the map, for generations to come. High Chief and family, Samoa | National Library of New Zealand Photograph of the family of Faumuina, one of the important chiefs of the Faleata district near Apia, Savai'i, Western Samoa. [5], The 2011 census of Samoa identified 16,787 matai out of a total population of 187,820 (8.9%); 15,021 (89.5%) were male and 1,766 (10.5%) were female. [5] This applies to most Samoans in positions of public responsibility from the Prime Minister of Samoa to the country's Head of State, who is referred to as O le Ao o le Malo (the chieftain of the government). There is always someone older than you to giverespect to.” The structure of a Samoan family follows a hierarchy. Important matai titles are also tied to certain orator matai titles. The Samoan high chief married the daughter of the Tongan king. [18] Architecture of Samoa dictates seating positions inside the meeting house during the title bestowal including the position of those making the kava being situated at the rear. Usoali'i refers to brother chiefs, those men in the family union holding matai names. Following Malietoa Tanumafili II's death in 2007, one branch of the family bestowed the title upon his son Papali'i Fa'amausili Moli in the village of Malie. Hackworth, Philip Vernon, d 1960 :Photograph album. If the village chiefs cannot resolve the conflict, they will go to the district council of chiefs for a final decision. From the country's independence in 1962, only matai could vote and stand as candidates in elections to parliament. As more than one family member can be bestowed the same matai title, each person's Christian name serves to distinguish them from each other. Canned tuna is the dominant export. A request to buy an image can take up to 10 working days to approve. [4] In former times the term matai applied only to tulafale, but over time the term has become applied to ali'i generally. They are called upon to discuss all important matters with everyone of significance belonging to the family union. [4], In the 49-seat Legislative Assembly of Samoa, all 47 Samoan members are also matai, performing dual roles as chiefs and modern politicians, with the exception of the two seats reserved for non-Samoans. Their daughter, Salamasina, is adopted by So`oa`e, the widow of the high chief of Atua district. Those not taking part in these assemblies are described as tagatanu'u (people of the village) and include untitled men, women and children. [8], The matai of the family is the administrator and representative of the family property which includes customary land. Men and women both have equal rights to the matai title. Inherent in the fa'amatai system is the welfare and well-being of the extended family ('aiga) and the protection of family property, consisting most importantly of customary land. Photographed by Alfred James Tattersall. I'm looking to find out more about this since I can't seem to get any clear info. When a person is appointed a matai, they retain their Christian name in addition to their new matai title. They may all enjoy the same rights or be under the control of one matai who is termed sao, in which case the other chiefs are referred to as tuaigoa. Welcome to Samoa… Beautiful from the inside out. The traditional chief of a Samoa society is a Matai, who holds a high social rank, and has the responsibility to take care of the civic, political, family matters and other needs of the Samoa society. Photograph: Hannah Peters/Getty Images Three-times World Rugby Coach of the Year Steve Hansen … The saofa'i is a solemn ceremony which marks the formal acceptance of a new matai by their family and village into the circle of chiefs and orators. All Blacks coach Steve Hansen is set to be gifted a honorary high chief title in Samoa next week. An example is Mata'afa Faumuina Fiame Mulinu'u I whose first three names reveal individual high chief titles and thereby his genealogy and the different villages and families to which he belonged; the Faumuina title from Lepea, the Fiame title from Lotofaga and the Mata'afa title, one of the paramount names in the country. Ta'ii was punished and was forced to climb the coconut tree feet first. [11] Samoan gafa (pedigree, ancestors, descent) is central to family kinship and will usually commence from the person who first brought the name into prominence and caused it to be respected. In 2006, there were four female Members of Parliament in Samoa and three were cabinet ministers out of a 13-member cabinet.[6]. This includes large tracts of plantation land from the 19th century as well as later periods of colonial administration including German Samoa (1900–1914) followed by the New Zealand administration. It involves the gathering of chiefs and orators in a fale tele meeting house, the exchanging of oratory speeches, the reciting of genealogies and a kava ceremony followed by a feast provided by the new matai's family. The site was chosen in 1872 by Commander R.W. A bloody war ensued and A'ana's power was broken and the district laid waste. [22] In 1978, the Governor-General of Fiji, Ratu Sir George Cakobau was bestowed the title Peseta by Matautu on Savai'i island during his visit to Tui Fiti's sacred ground. In other words it's not a … Photograph of the family of Faumuina, one of the important chiefs of the Faleata district near Apia, Savai'i, Western Samoa. Each matai has a name (suafa) by and through which they exercise their rights in the family over which they preside. Photographed by Alfred James Tattersall Often the name Faumuina only is used in histories of Samoa. There is the 'high' or 'sacred' chief known as the Ali’i and 'orator' Chief known as Tulafale and is a system found in every district throughout Samoa. Official Web Portal of the Government of Samoa. information about National Library services, exhibition hours and events, Tattersall, Alfred James, 1866-1951 Photographer, Hackworth, Philip Vernon, d 1960 :Photograph album. Talking chief definition is - a Polynesian and especially a Samoan noble or title-holder who speaks and acts for a high chief in official, social, and economic matters.
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